Muhammadiyah of West Java and Sharia Rural Financing Bank

Bank Financing in India∗

The Indian banking sector has been remarkably successful in some respects. Its immense size and enormous penetration in rural areas are exemplary among developing countries, as is its solid reputation for stability among depositors. The penetration in rural areas has been associated with a reduction of poverty and a diversification out of agriculture (Burgess and Pande, 2003). However in recent...

World Bank and the Global Financing Facility

A t the World Economic Forum this year, World Bank President Jim Kim proposed the Global Financing Facility (GFF) to donors as an innovative model for investing in reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and nutrition (RMNCAH-N). The World Bank believes that business as usual is not enough to close the annual financing gap of $33.3bn (£25.4bn; €28.4bn) to meet the 2030 sus...

Bank financing and corporate governance ¬リニ

Available online 18 October 2014 Extant literature suggests that bank monitoring improves corporate governance. This paper demonstrates that inefficiency in banking can also significantly reduce the equity capital markets' disciplinary power. Specifically, we show that in an environment in which the banking system is dominated by inefficient state-owned banks, controlling shareholders' tunnelin...

Central Bank Independence and Financing Government Spending*

Financing Rural America

After a steep recession in the 1980s, many rural places are mounting a strong economic comeback in the 1990s. Rural counties, for instance, have added jobs in the 1990s at about 1.8 percent annually, compared with meager gains in the 1980s. And some counties, especially trade centers or those with scenic amenities that have attracted retirees and tourists, are posting stronger growth than metro...